Modelling emissions and cost impacts of additionality. Approaches for evaluating the cost and consequential emissions impact of electrolytic H2 production based on the two alternative definitions of additionality. a, The ‘compete’ definition (purple dotted box) mirrors the approach of Ricks et al. and allows for competition among investment in resources contracted for H2 production and other grid resource investments. b, The ‘non-compete’ definition of additionality (yellow dotted box) follows the approach of Zeyen et al where contracted H2 resources are optimized after investments in non-H2 related grid resources. Here contracted H2 resources refer to battery storage, wind, solar generation, electrolyzers …
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